THE ARAB CONQUEST OF EGYPT
AND THE LAST THIRTY YEARS OF THE ROMAN DOMINION
Alfred Butler
Chapters
I. II. Revolt of Heraclius II. The Struggle for Egypt III. Failure of Bonosus IV. Accession of Heraclius V. Egypt under the new Emperor VI. Persian Conquest of Syria. VII.Persian Conquest of Egypt. VIII. Art and Literature
IX.
Crusade against Persia
.X. Exaltation of the Cross
.XI . Rise of Mohammed.
XII.
Arab Conquest of Syria.
XIII. Great Persecution of the Copts by Cyrus.
XIV. Arab Advance on Egypt.
XV.
Opening of the Campaign
.XVI. Battle of Heliopolis.
XVII. The Fortress of Babylon.
XVIII. Siege and Surrender of Babylon
XIX.
March on Alexandria
. XX. Events at Constantinople
. XXI. Surrender of Alexandria
XXII.
Reduction of the Coast Towns
. XXIII. End of the Roman Dominion
. XXIV. Alexandria at the Conquest
. XXV.
The Library of Alexandria
. XXVI. Conquest of Pentapolis .
XXVII. Restoration of Benjamin.
XXVIII. Muslim Government
. XXIX. Revolt of Alexandria under Manuel.
XXX. Conclusion .
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES
A.
General.
Revolt of Heraclius in Pentapolis .
609
Struggle for the possession of Egypt. 609-610
Persian invasion of Syria . 614
Heraclius crowned Emperor
. 5 Oct. 610
Capture of Jerusalem by the Persians . end of May 615
Visit of Athanasius to Alexandria
. Oct. 615
Persian advance into Egypt
. autumm 616
Persian capture or surrender of Babylon
. spring 617
Persian capture of Alexandria . end 617
Subjugation of the whole of Egypt
. 618
Heraclius' great campaign against Persia opens
. spring 622
Hijrah of Mohammed .
16 July, 622
Persian evacuation of Egypt . 627
Mohammed's letters to the Rulers . 627-628
Final defeat and death of Chosroes . Feb. 628
Exaltation of the recovered Cross at Jerusalem .
14 Sept. 629
Cyrus sent as Imperial Patriarch to Alexandria . 631
The Great Persecution of the Copts . 631-641
Death of Mohammed
. 632
Arab conquest of Palestine and Syria . 629-640
Heraclius' farewell to Syria
. 636
Surrender of Jerusalem to Omar . 637
Invasion of Egypt : 'Amr at 'Arish . 12 Dec. 639
Capture of Pelusium
.Jan. 640
'Amr's raid into the Fayum
. May 640
Arrival of reinforcements under Zubair . 6 June 640
Battle of Heliopolis and capture of Misr
.
July 640
Siege of fortress of Babylon begun . Sep. 640
First treaty of Babylon made by Cyrus, Al Mukaukas, but
repudiated by Heraclius
. Oct. 640
Recall of Cyrus .
end of 640
Death of Heraclius
. 11 Feb. 641
Surrender of Babylon under (second) treaty . 6 April 641
Capture of Nikiou. 13 May, 641
Alexandria attacked . end of June, 641
Return of Cyrus to Egypt . 14 Sept. 641
Capitulation of Alexandria .
8
Nov. 641
Excavation of Trajan's Canal - Building of Fustat . winter, 641-2
Death of Cyrus . 21 March, 642
Enthronement of Cyrus' successor . 14 July 642
Evacuation of Alexandria by the Romans . 17 Sep. 641
'Amr's expedition to Pentapolis . winter 642-643
Restoration of Benjamin . autumm 644
Revolt of Alexandria under Manuel . end 645
Second battle of Nikiou . late spring 646
Recapture of Alexandria by the Arabs . summer 646
Recall of 'Amr from Egypt . autumm 646
Reinstatement of 'Amr as Governor of Egypt . Aug. 658
Death of Benjamin . 3 Jan. 662
Death of 'Amr . 6 Jan. 664
Melkite Patriarchs.
Theodore . 609
John the Almoner . 609 - 617
George 621 - 631
Cyrus 631 March 642
Peter 14 Jyly 642 - ?
Coptic Patriarchs
Anastasius 604 - 616
Andronicus 616 - 623
Benjamin 626 - 662
Agatho 662 - 680
John of Samanud 680 - 689
Isaac 690 - 693
Simon 694 - 701
CHIEF AUTHORITIES
----------------------------------------------
|
